The Periodic Table, noble gases and transition elements

Learning objectives

Describe the Periodic Table as an arrangement of elements in periods and groups in order of increasing proton number, and describe the change from metallic to non-metallic character across a period

Relate the group number of an element to its number of outer-shell electrons and to the charge on the ions it forms, and explain the similar chemical properties of elements in the same group in terms of their electronic configuration

Predict the properties of an element from its position in the Periodic Table and, at Extended, identify trends in a group when given information about its elements

Describe the Group VIII noble gases as unreactive monatomic gases and explain their lack of reactivity in terms of a full outer electron shell

Describe the transition elements as metals with high densities and high melting points that form coloured compounds and often act as catalysts as elements and in compounds and, at Extended, state that they form ions with variable oxidation numbers, such as iron(II) and iron(III)