Learning objectives
Define the mole and the Avogadro constant, and calculate the amount of substance and the number of molecules present from a mass and a molar mass
State the assumptions of the ideal gas model, and explain the pressure exerted by a gas as the result of the change of momentum of molecules colliding with the container walls
Apply the ideal gas equation pV = nRT and the combined gas law pV/T = constant, and describe isothermal, isobaric and isovolumetric changes on a pressure–volume diagram
Relate the internal energy of an ideal monatomic gas to its temperature through U = (3/2)nRT, and the average translational kinetic energy of one molecule to (3/2)kBT
Explain why a real gas departs from ideal behaviour at high pressure and low temperature, in terms of the finite volume of the molecules and the intermolecular forces between them
Process experimental data for Boyle's law, Charles's law and the pressure law, and extrapolate a pressure–temperature or volume–temperature graph to estimate absolute zero
Continue with a revision plan
These learning objectives are available to everyone. Sign in with an eligible plan to read the full note and worked examples.