Learning objectives
Distinguish populations from samples and discrete from continuous data, and describe simple random, convenience, systematic, quota and stratified sampling, evaluating their effectiveness and potential bias
Construct and interpret frequency tables, histograms with equal class widths, cumulative frequency tables and cumulative frequency graphs
Find the median, quartiles, percentiles, range and interquartile range from data or from a cumulative frequency graph, identify outliers using the 1.5 × IQR criterion, and draw and interpret box-and-whisker diagrams
Calculate the mean, median and mode of a data set, estimate the mean and identify the modal class for grouped data, and choose the most appropriate measure of central tendency
Calculate the variance and standard deviation using technology, and describe the effect on the measures of centre and spread of adding a constant to, or multiplying, every data value
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