Learning objectives
Define delegation, span of control, levels of hierarchy, chain of command, bureaucracy, centralisation, decentralisation and delayering, and use them to describe a given organization chart
Draw and interpret tall, flat, hierarchical, matrix, by-product, by-function and by-region structures, and explain how each one affects the speed and quality of decision-making
(HL) Evaluate the shamrock organization as a model for a firm that keeps a small permanent core supported by contractors and a flexible workforce
Explain how formal and informal communication channels operate inside a structure, and analyse the causes and the consequences of communication barriers
Recommend a change of structure for a case-study firm and analyse the effect of that change on motivation, cost and control
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