Learning objectives

Derive the arc length formula by approximating a curve with short straight segments and letting their length tend to zero, obtaining ∫√(1 + (dy/dx)²) dx

Calculate the length of a curve y = f(x) over a closed interval, setting up the integral exactly and evaluating it with technology when no elementary antiderivative exists

Explain why arc length measures total distance traveled along a curve rather than the straight-line displacement between its endpoints

Set up an arc length integral for a curve given with x as a function of y, integrating with respect to y over the appropriate interval

Check an arc length answer for reasonableness by comparing it with the straight-line distance between the endpoints, which it must exceed for any curve that is not a straight segment

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