Learning objectives
Calculate the work done by a constant force as Fd cos θ when its point of application moves a distance d at an angle θ to the force, including work done against friction and resistance
Calculate kinetic energy ½mv² and changes in gravitational potential energy mgh
Apply the work–energy principle (work done by external forces equals the change in total energy) and conservation of energy, including motion along curved paths where only the overall change in height matters
Use power as the rate of doing work, P = Fv for a driving force acting in the direction of motion, and average power as work done divided by time taken
Solve problems about vehicles on level roads and on hills against resistance, finding the instantaneous acceleration, the greatest possible speed or the power output
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