Learning objectives

Define full employment and distinguish equilibrium from disequilibrium unemployment, including hysteresis

Distinguish voluntary from involuntary unemployment using a labour market diagram

Define the natural rate of unemployment, explain what determines it and discuss its implications for policy

Describe patterns and trends in employment and unemployment, such as participation rates, part-time and informal work

Explain geographical and occupational mobility of labour and the factors that limit it

Evaluate policies to reduce unemployment and their effectiveness against each type of unemployment

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