Learning objectives
Explain how changing concentration or gas pressure alters the rate of reaction in terms of the frequency of effective and non-effective collisions
Calculate reaction rates from experimental measurements, for example as the gradient of a volume–time or concentration–time graph or as 1/time
Define activation energy, sketch the Boltzmann distribution, and use it to explain why a small rise in temperature greatly increases the rate
Explain how a catalyst provides an alternative route with a lower activation energy, and show its effect on a Boltzmann distribution and a reaction pathway diagram; (A Level) distinguish homogeneous from heterogeneous catalysts
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