Learning objectives
Explain how populations shrink to extinction under pressure from climate change, competition, over-hunting by humans and the degradation or loss of their habitats.
Outline the ecological, economic, medical and ethical reasons for keeping biodiversity.
Outline how zoos, botanic gardens, frozen zoos and seed banks (ex situ) and national parks, marine parks and other protected areas (in situ) help to conserve endangered species.
Describe how IVF, embryo transfer and surrogacy are used to increase numbers of endangered mammals.
Explain the threats posed by invasive alien species and why they are controlled, and outline how the IUCN Red List and CITES trade controls protect endangered species.
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